Transit Area 이론
Transit Area
- 모든 Area의 경우 테이블 구성을 위해서 백본 에어리어에 직접 연결이 되어야함
--> 전체 OSPF의 Area간 연산을 백본에서 하여 전송하기 때문. - Transit Area : 가상링크가 통과하는 Area
- Demand Circuit으로 동작
--> HELLO및 30분마다 확인용으로 전송하는 LSA 패킷을 전송하지 않음 - 가상링크는 ABR간에만 설정이 가능하다.
- 가상링크의 네트워크 타입은 Point to Point을 권장한다.
설정 명령어
1. 설정
conf t
router ospf [AS Num]
area [Area ID] virtual-link [Link 대상 Router-ID]
2. 확인
show ip ospf virtual-links
3. 가상링크 인증
conf t
int [가상 인터페이스]
area [Area ID] virtual-link [Target ABR ID] message-digest-key [Key ID] md5 [PW]
4. 가상링크 네이버 인증
conf t
int [가상 인터페이스]
area [Area ID] virtual-link [Target ABR ID] authentication
area [Area ID] virtual-link [Target ABR ID] authentication-key [PW]
설정 결과 예시
show ip ospf virtual-links
Virtual Link OSPF_VL1 to router 1.1.2.1 is up
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 1, via interface Serial1/0.1, Cost of using 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:03
Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed)
Index 1/4, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 0
First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Virtual Link OSPF_VL0 to router 1.1.1.1 is up
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 1, via interface Serial1/0.2, Cost of using 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:05
Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed)
Index 2/5, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 0
First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
설정된 virtual link의 state및 대상, Area 등 확인 가능.
sh ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.2.1 0 FULL/ - - 1.1.23.1 OSPF_VL1
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - - 1.1.13.1 OSPF_VL0
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:33 1.1.13.1 Serial1/0.2
1.1.2.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:32 1.1.23.1 Serial1/0.1
1.1.4.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 1.1.34.2 Serial1/0.3
Virtual link가 설정된 경우 해당 인터페이스가 OSPF_VL로 표시더되는 것을 확인 가능하며 Demand Circuit이므로 Dead Time이 존재하지 않은것을 확인 가능하다.
Transit Area 실습
물리랩/논리랩
설정 완료 후 State
R1
R1 show runBuilding configuration...
Current configuration : 2048 bytes
!
upgrade fpd auto
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
logging message-counter syslog
!
no aaa new-model
ip source-route
no ip icmp rate-limit unreachable
ip cef
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
voice dsp waitstate 0
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
memory-size iomem 0
archive
log config
hidekeys
!
!
!
!
!
ip tcp synwait-time 5
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Serial1/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 1.1.13.1 255.255.255.0
snmp trap link-status
frame-relay interface-dlci 103
!
interface Serial1/0.2 point-to-point
ip address 1.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
snmp trap link-status
frame-relay interface-dlci 102
!
interface Serial1/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Ethernet2/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/2
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/3
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
log-adjacency-changes
area 1 virtual-link 1.1.3.1
network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 1.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 1.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!
ip forward-protocol nd
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
logging alarm informational
no cdp log mismatch duplex
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
mgcp fax t38 ecm
!
!
!
!
gatekeeper
shutdown
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15
logging synchronous
stopbits 1
line aux 0
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15
logging synchronous
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 1.1.1.1
It is an area border router
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
1.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
1.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
1.1.3.1 110 00:30:33
1.1.2.1 110 00:42:58
Distance: (default is 110)
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.3.1 0 FULL/ - - 1.1.13.2 OSPF_VL0
1.1.2.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 1.1.12.2 Serial1/0.2
1.1.3.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:34 1.1.13.2 Serial1/0.1
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1842 0x80000005 0x006791 4
1.1.2.1 1.1.2.1 42 0x80000006 0x00EFFA 4
1.1.3.1 1.1.3.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x00A5B7 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.3.1 1.1.1.1 688 0x80000002 0x00B13F
1.1.3.1 1.1.2.1 566 0x80000002 0x00AA45
1.1.3.1 1.1.3.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x00210E
1.1.4.1 1.1.3.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x009855
1.1.13.0 1.1.1.1 688 0x80000002 0x0043A5
1.1.13.0 1.1.2.1 566 0x80000002 0x00BEE8
1.1.13.0 1.1.3.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x0035B1
1.1.23.0 1.1.1.1 688 OSPF_VL0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.13.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type VIRTUAL_LINK, Cost: 64
Configured as demand circuit.
Run as demand circuit.
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:05
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/4, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.3.1 (Hello suppressed)
Suppress hello for 1 neighbor(s)
Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1
Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host
Serial1/0.2 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.12.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:03
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 5
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.2.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial1/0.1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.13.1/24, Area 1
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:03
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.3.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
VL0 1 0 1.1.13.1/24 64 P2P 1/1
Lo0 1 0 1.1.1.1/24 1 LOOP 0/0
Se1/0.2 1 0 1.1.12.1/24 64 P2P 1/1
Se1/0.1 1 1 1.1.13.1/24 64 P2P 1/1Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
C 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 1.1.3.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.13.2, 00:42:44, Serial1/0.1
O 1.1.2.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.12.2, 00:42:59, Serial1/0.2
O IA 1.1.4.1/32 [110/129] via 1.1.13.2, 00:30:34, Serial1/0.1
C 1.1.12.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.2
C 1.1.13.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.1
O 1.1.23.0/24 [110/128] via 1.1.13.2, 00:42:44, Serial1/0.1
O IA 1.1.34.0/24 [110/128] via 1.1.13.2, 00:30:34, Serial1/0.1R2
R2 show runBuilding configuration...
Current configuration : 2047 bytes
!
upgrade fpd auto
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
logging message-counter syslog
!
no aaa new-model
ip source-route
no ip icmp rate-limit unreachable
ip cef
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
voice dsp waitstate 0
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
memory-size iomem 0
archive
log config
hidekeys
!
!
!
!
!
ip tcp synwait-time 5
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Serial1/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 1.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
snmp trap link-status
frame-relay interface-dlci 210
!
interface Serial1/0.2 point-to-point
ip address 1.1.23.1 255.255.255.0
snmp trap link-status
frame-relay interface-dlci 23
!
interface Serial1/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Ethernet2/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/2
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/3
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.2.1
log-adjacency-changes
area 1 virtual-link 1.1.3.1
network 1.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 1.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 1.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!
ip forward-protocol nd
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
logging alarm informational
no cdp log mismatch duplex
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
mgcp fax t38 ecm
!
!
!
!
gatekeeper
shutdown
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15
logging synchronous
stopbits 1
line aux 0
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15
logging synchronous
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 1.1.2.1
It is an area border router
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
1.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
1.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
1.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
1.1.1.1 110 00:41:49
1.1.3.1 110 00:30:37
Distance: (default is 110)
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.3.1 0 FULL/ - - 1.1.13.2 OSPF_VL0
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 1.1.12.1 Serial1/0.1
1.1.3.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 1.1.23.2 Serial1/0.2
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.2.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 2 (DNA) 0x80000005 0x006791 4
1.1.2.1 1.1.2.1 45 0x80000006 0x00EFFA 4
1.1.3.1 1.1.3.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x00A5B7 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.3.1 1.1.1.1 693 0x80000002 0x00B13F
1.1.3.1 1.1.2.1 569 0x80000002 0x00AA45
1.1.3.1 1.1.3.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x00210E
1.1.4.1 1.1.3.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x009855
1.1.13.0 1.1.1.1 693 0x80000002 0x0043A5
1.1.13.0 1.1.2.1 569 0x80000002 0x00BEE8
1.1.13.0 1.1.3.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x0035B1
1.1.23.0 1.1.1.1 693 OSPF_VL0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.23.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.2.1, Network Type VIRTUAL_LINK, Cost: 64
Configured as demand circuit.
Run as demand circuit.
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:04
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 3/4, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.3.1 (Hello suppressed)
Suppress hello for 1 neighbor(s)
Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.2.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.2.1, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1
Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host
Serial1/0.1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.12.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.2.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:06
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 5
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial1/0.2 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.23.1/24, Area 1
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.2.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:01
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/3, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.3.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
VL0 1 0 1.1.23.1/24 64 P2P 1/1
Lo0 1 0 1.1.2.1/24 1 LOOP 0/0
Se1/0.1 1 0 1.1.12.2/24 64 P2P 1/1
Se1/0.2 1 1 1.1.23.1/24 64 P2P 1/1Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O 1.1.1.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.12.1, 00:41:50, Serial1/0.1
O 1.1.3.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.23.2, 00:41:35, Serial1/0.2
C 1.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O IA 1.1.4.1/32 [110/129] via 1.1.23.2, 00:30:37, Serial1/0.2
C 1.1.12.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.1
O 1.1.13.0/24 [110/128] via 1.1.23.2, 00:41:35, Serial1/0.2
C 1.1.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.2
O IA 1.1.34.0/24 [110/128] via 1.1.23.2, 00:30:37, Serial1/0.2R3
R3 show runBuilding configuration...
Current configuration : 2242 bytes
!
upgrade fpd auto
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
logging message-counter syslog
!
no aaa new-model
ip source-route
no ip icmp rate-limit unreachable
ip cef
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
voice dsp waitstate 0
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
memory-size iomem 0
archive
log config
hidekeys
!
!
!
!
!
ip tcp synwait-time 5
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Serial1/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 1.1.23.2 255.255.255.0
snmp trap link-status
frame-relay interface-dlci 32
!
interface Serial1/0.2 point-to-point
ip address 1.1.13.2 255.255.255.0
snmp trap link-status
frame-relay interface-dlci 310
!
interface Serial1/0.3 point-to-point
ip address 1.1.34.1 255.255.255.0
snmp trap link-status
frame-relay interface-dlci 34
!
interface Serial1/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Ethernet2/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/2
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/3
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.3.1
log-adjacency-changes
area 1 virtual-link 1.1.2.1
area 1 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
network 1.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 1.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 1.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 1.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
!
ip forward-protocol nd
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
logging alarm informational
no cdp log mismatch duplex
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
mgcp fax t38 ecm
!
!
!
!
gatekeeper
shutdown
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15
logging synchronous
stopbits 1
line aux 0
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15
logging synchronous
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 1.1.3.1
It is an area border router
Number of areas in this router is 3. 3 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
1.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
1.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
1.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
1.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
1.1.1.1 110 00:30:40
1.1.2.1 110 00:30:40
1.1.4.1 110 00:30:55
Distance: (default is 110)
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.2.1 0 FULL/ - - 1.1.23.1 OSPF_VL1
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - - 1.1.13.1 OSPF_VL0
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:36 1.1.13.1 Serial1/0.2
1.1.2.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 1.1.23.1 Serial1/0.1
1.1.4.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:37 1.1.34.2 Serial1/0.3
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.3.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000005 0x006791 4
1.1.2.1 1.1.2.1 1 (DNA) 0x80000005 0x00F1F9 4
1.1.3.1 1.1.3.1 1845 0x80000002 0x00A5B7 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.3.1 1.1.1.1 722 (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00B33E
1.1.3.1 1.1.2.1 648 (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00AC44
1.1.3.1 1.1.3.1 1846 0x80000002 0x00210E
1.1.4.1 1.1.3.1 1851 0x80000002 0x009855
1.1.13.0 1.1.1.1 732 (DNA) 0x80000001 0x0045A4
1.1.13.0 1.1.2.1 648 (DNA) 0x80000001 0x00C0E7
1.1.13.0 1.1.3.1 1851 0x80000002 0x0035B1
1.1.23.0 1.1.1.1 722 (DNA) OSPF_VL1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.23.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.3.1, Network Type VIRTUAL_LINK, Cost: 64
Configured as demand circuit.
Run as demand circuit.
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:08
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/6, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.2.1 (Hello suppressed)
Suppress hello for 1 neighbor(s)
OSPF_VL0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.13.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.3.1, Network Type VIRTUAL_LINK, Cost: 64
Configured as demand circuit.
Run as demand circuit.
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:04
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/5, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1 (Hello suppressed)
Suppress hello for 1 neighbor(s)
Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.3.1/24, Area 1
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.3.1, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1
Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host
Serial1/0.2 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.13.2/24, Area 1
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.3.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:06
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 4
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial1/0.1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.23.2/24, Area 1
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.3.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:01
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.2.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial1/0.3 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.34.1/24, Area 2
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.3.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:04
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/4, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 2
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.4.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
VL1 1 0 1.1.23.2/24 64 P2P 1/1
VL0 1 0 1.1.13.2/24 64 P2P 1/1
Lo0 1 1 1.1.3.1/24 1 LOOP 0/0
Se1/0.2 1 1 1.1.13.2/24 64 P2P 1/1
Se1/0.1 1 1 1.1.23.2/24 64 P2P 1/1
Se1/0.3 1 2 1.1.34.1/24 64 P2P 1/1Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O 1.1.1.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.13.1, 00:30:41, Serial1/0.2
C 1.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 1.1.2.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.23.1, 00:30:41, Serial1/0.1
O 1.1.4.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.34.2, 00:30:56, Serial1/0.3
O 1.1.12.0/24 [110/128] via 1.1.23.1, 00:30:41, Serial1/0.1
[110/128] via 1.1.13.1, 00:30:41, Serial1/0.2
C 1.1.13.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.2
C 1.1.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.1
C 1.1.34.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.3R4
R4 show runBuilding configuration...
Current configuration : 1851 bytes
!
upgrade fpd auto
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R4
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
logging message-counter syslog
!
no aaa new-model
ip source-route
no ip icmp rate-limit unreachable
ip cef
!
!
!
!
no ip domain lookup
no ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
voice dsp waitstate 0
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
memory-size iomem 0
archive
log config
hidekeys
!
!
!
!
!
ip tcp synwait-time 5
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.4.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Serial1/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/0.1 point-to-point
ip address 1.1.34.2 255.255.255.0
snmp trap link-status
frame-relay interface-dlci 43
!
interface Serial1/1
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Ethernet2/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/2
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet2/3
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.4.1
log-adjacency-changes
network 1.1.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
network 1.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
!
ip forward-protocol nd
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
!
!
logging alarm informational
no cdp log mismatch duplex
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
mgcp fax t38 ecm
!
!
!
!
gatekeeper
shutdown
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15
logging synchronous
stopbits 1
line aux 0
exec-timeout 0 0
privilege level 15
logging synchronous
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 1.1.4.1
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
1.1.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
1.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
1.1.3.1 110 00:23:42
Distance: (default is 110)
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.3.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:31 1.1.34.1 Serial1/0.1
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.4.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.4.1 1.1.4.1 317 0x80000002 0x00191B 0
Router Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.3.1 1.1.3.1 1860 0x80000004 0x00E45F 2
1.1.4.1 1.1.4.1 1085 0x80000004 0x0069C1 3
Summary Net Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
1.1.1.1 1.1.3.1 1845 0x80000001 0x00BB36
1.1.2.1 1.1.3.1 1845 0x80000001 0x00B040
1.1.3.1 1.1.3.1 1860 0x80000001 0x00230D
1.1.12.0 1.1.3.1 1845 0x80000001 0x00C4E3
1.1.13.0 1.1.3.1 1860 0x80000001 0x0037B0
1.1.23.0 1.1.3.1 1860 0x80000001 0x00C815Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.4.1/24, Area 2
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.4.1, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1
Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host
Serial1/0.1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.34.2/24, Area 2
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.4.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:03
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.3.1
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Lo0 1 2 1.1.4.1/24 1 LOOP 0/0
Se1/0.1 1 2 1.1.34.2/24 64 P2P 1/1Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 1.1.1.1/32 [110/129] via 1.1.34.1, 00:23:43, Serial1/0.1
O IA 1.1.3.1/32 [110/65] via 1.1.34.1, 00:23:43, Serial1/0.1
O IA 1.1.2.1/32 [110/129] via 1.1.34.1, 00:23:43, Serial1/0.1
C 1.1.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O IA 1.1.12.0/24 [110/192] via 1.1.34.1, 00:23:43, Serial1/0.1
O IA 1.1.13.0/24 [110/128] via 1.1.34.1, 00:23:43, Serial1/0.1
O IA 1.1.23.0/24 [110/128] via 1.1.34.1, 00:23:43, Serial1/0.1
C 1.1.34.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.1
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